Organization of Narration
After Outlining
l After you have outlined the details you will include in your paragraph, you are ready to draft.
l Begin by writing the story you want to tell, keeping everything in chronological order
l Refer to your freewriting.
l Include only relevant details—those that directly relate to your topic sentence
l Include your feelings at significant places in the story
Making Your Story Interesting
l Include significant details that create a clear picture of the events.
l Leave out unimportant details that may bore your readers.
l Ask yourself which things a reader would really like to know about
l Use vivid, accurate words to describe people and things.
l Be specific, not vague
Ex: There were rocks in the trail.
Huge boulders blocked our path while we hiked up the steep mountain trail.
Subjects and Verbs
l A sentence must have a subject and a verb for it to be complete.
l The subject is who or what the sentence speaks about.
l The verb is what the subject does
Identifying the Subject
l Ask who or what the sentence is about.
The children laughed. (Who is the sentence about? Children)
Several branches fell (What is the sentence about? Branches)
Most students passed the test (Who is the sentence about? Students)
Identifying the verb
l Ask what the sentence says about the subject
l The children laughed. What does the sentence say about the children? They laughed.
l Several branches fell.
l Most students passed the test.
l That man is a hero.
Compound Sentences
l We have just looked at simple sentences—sentences with one subject and verb.
l Compound sentences are sentences with two subjects and verbs.
l Compound sentences have two independent clauses (SVs) joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction
Coordinating Conjunctions
l For--because
l And—in addition, also
l Nor—neither, not one and not the other
l But—in contrast, on the other hand
l Or--alternatively
l Yet—but (yet is a little more formal)
l So—as a result, for that reason
Example Compound Sentences
l Antonio loves soccer, but Marissa prefers scuba diving.
l Jaime has to complete his project, or he will not be ready for his presentation.
l Tricia was thirsty after the long hike, so she drank a whole quart of lemonade.
l Our whole family went horseback riding, and our guide got lost.
Combine Two Independent Clauses into ONE Compound Sentence
l The cars crept along slowly.
l Visibility was poor in the heavy fog.
Combined sentence: The cars crept along slowly, for visibility was poor in the heavy fog.
Combine sentences on 116-117
Prepositional Phrases
l Give location, direction, time, or additional information about a sentence.
l Begin with a preposition (list on p. 408) and end with a noun (person, place, thing or idea)
l Can appear anywhere in a sentence
l Can separate the subject from the verb
l The subject of a sentence will never be in a prepositional phrase
Sentences with Prepositional Phrases
Under my pillow, I found a quarter left by the tooth fairy.
One of the yellow lights at the school crossing began flashing
The comics page of the newspaper has disappeared.
During a rainstorm, I sat in my car reading magazines.
Go through sentences p. 410
After Outlining
l After you have outlined the details you will include in your paragraph, you are ready to draft.
l Begin by writing the story you want to tell, keeping everything in chronological order
l Refer to your freewriting.
l Include only relevant details—those that directly relate to your topic sentence
l Include your feelings at significant places in the story
Making Your Story Interesting
l Include significant details that create a clear picture of the events.
l Leave out unimportant details that may bore your readers.
l Ask yourself which things a reader would really like to know about
l Use vivid, accurate words to describe people and things.
l Be specific, not vague
Ex: There were rocks in the trail.
Huge boulders blocked our path while we hiked up the steep mountain trail.
Subjects and Verbs
l A sentence must have a subject and a verb for it to be complete.
l The subject is who or what the sentence speaks about.
l The verb is what the subject does
Identifying the Subject
l Ask who or what the sentence is about.
The children laughed. (Who is the sentence about? Children)
Several branches fell (What is the sentence about? Branches)
Most students passed the test (Who is the sentence about? Students)
Identifying the verb
l Ask what the sentence says about the subject
l The children laughed. What does the sentence say about the children? They laughed.
l Several branches fell.
l Most students passed the test.
l That man is a hero.
Compound Sentences
l We have just looked at simple sentences—sentences with one subject and verb.
l Compound sentences are sentences with two subjects and verbs.
l Compound sentences have two independent clauses (SVs) joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction
Coordinating Conjunctions
l For--because
l And—in addition, also
l Nor—neither, not one and not the other
l But—in contrast, on the other hand
l Or--alternatively
l Yet—but (yet is a little more formal)
l So—as a result, for that reason
Example Compound Sentences
l Antonio loves soccer, but Marissa prefers scuba diving.
l Jaime has to complete his project, or he will not be ready for his presentation.
l Tricia was thirsty after the long hike, so she drank a whole quart of lemonade.
l Our whole family went horseback riding, and our guide got lost.
Combine Two Independent Clauses into ONE Compound Sentence
l The cars crept along slowly.
l Visibility was poor in the heavy fog.
Combined sentence: The cars crept along slowly, for visibility was poor in the heavy fog.
Combine sentences on 116-117
Prepositional Phrases
l Give location, direction, time, or additional information about a sentence.
l Begin with a preposition (list on p. 408) and end with a noun (person, place, thing or idea)
l Can appear anywhere in a sentence
l Can separate the subject from the verb
l The subject of a sentence will never be in a prepositional phrase
Sentences with Prepositional Phrases
Under my pillow, I found a quarter left by the tooth fairy.
One of the yellow lights at the school crossing began flashing
The comics page of the newspaper has disappeared.
During a rainstorm, I sat in my car reading magazines.
Go through sentences p. 410
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